1 00:00:03,919 --> 00:00:06,550 it was a year of preparation especially 2 00:00:06,550 --> 00:00:06,560 it was a year of preparation especially 3 00:00:06,560 --> 00:00:09,270 it was a year of preparation especially for the reusable space shuttle 4 00:00:09,270 --> 00:00:09,280 for the reusable space shuttle 5 00:00:09,280 --> 00:00:10,950 for the reusable space shuttle astronomers were able to point an 6 00:00:10,950 --> 00:00:10,960 astronomers were able to point an 7 00:00:10,960 --> 00:00:13,749 astronomers were able to point an orbiting telescope at stars while aiming 8 00:00:13,749 --> 00:00:13,759 orbiting telescope at stars while aiming 9 00:00:13,759 --> 00:00:15,509 orbiting telescope at stars while aiming and making corrections much like 10 00:00:15,509 --> 00:00:15,519 and making corrections much like 11 00:00:15,519 --> 00:00:18,230 and making corrections much like ground-based observatories 12 00:00:18,230 --> 00:00:18,240 ground-based observatories 13 00:00:18,240 --> 00:00:20,790 ground-based observatories pioneer spacecraft arrived at venus and 14 00:00:20,790 --> 00:00:20,800 pioneer spacecraft arrived at venus and 15 00:00:20,800 --> 00:00:24,390 pioneer spacecraft arrived at venus and landed on that planet's shrouded surface 16 00:00:24,390 --> 00:00:24,400 landed on that planet's shrouded surface 17 00:00:24,400 --> 00:00:26,390 landed on that planet's shrouded surface the voyagers continued their journey 18 00:00:26,390 --> 00:00:26,400 the voyagers continued their journey 19 00:00:26,400 --> 00:00:28,870 the voyagers continued their journey toward jupiter and saturn 20 00:00:28,870 --> 00:00:28,880 toward jupiter and saturn 21 00:00:28,880 --> 00:00:31,029 toward jupiter and saturn with the department of energy nasa built 22 00:00:31,029 --> 00:00:31,039 with the department of energy nasa built 23 00:00:31,039 --> 00:00:33,350 with the department of energy nasa built a wind generator for a small new mexico 24 00:00:33,350 --> 00:00:33,360 a wind generator for a small new mexico 25 00:00:33,360 --> 00:00:34,870 a wind generator for a small new mexico town 26 00:00:34,870 --> 00:00:34,880 town 27 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:37,110 town and in aeronautics a wide range of 28 00:00:37,110 --> 00:00:37,120 and in aeronautics a wide range of 29 00:00:37,120 --> 00:00:39,190 and in aeronautics a wide range of research projects to improve both 30 00:00:39,190 --> 00:00:39,200 research projects to improve both 31 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:48,150 research projects to improve both general and commercial aviation 32 00:00:48,150 --> 00:00:48,160 33 00:00:48,160 --> 00:00:50,229 if all goes according to schedule scenes 34 00:00:50,229 --> 00:00:50,239 if all goes according to schedule scenes 35 00:00:50,239 --> 00:00:52,709 if all goes according to schedule scenes like this a reusable space shuttle 36 00:00:52,709 --> 00:00:52,719 like this a reusable space shuttle 37 00:00:52,719 --> 00:00:55,189 like this a reusable space shuttle making its final approach to land will 38 00:00:55,189 --> 00:00:55,199 making its final approach to land will 39 00:00:55,199 --> 00:00:58,150 making its final approach to land will be a common sight beginning next fall 40 00:00:58,150 --> 00:00:58,160 be a common sight beginning next fall 41 00:00:58,160 --> 00:00:59,910 be a common sight beginning next fall many of the tests and much of the 42 00:00:59,910 --> 00:00:59,920 many of the tests and much of the 43 00:00:59,920 --> 00:01:01,910 many of the tests and much of the training to prepare for that historic 44 00:01:01,910 --> 00:01:01,920 training to prepare for that historic 45 00:01:01,920 --> 00:01:06,310 training to prepare for that historic first flight took place in 1978 46 00:01:06,310 --> 00:01:06,320 first flight took place in 1978 47 00:01:06,320 --> 00:01:08,870 first flight took place in 1978 47 year old john young veteran of two 48 00:01:08,870 --> 00:01:08,880 47 year old john young veteran of two 49 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:11,270 47 year old john young veteran of two gemini and two apollo space flights will 50 00:01:11,270 --> 00:01:11,280 gemini and two apollo space flights will 51 00:01:11,280 --> 00:01:13,190 gemini and two apollo space flights will be commander for the first manned 52 00:01:13,190 --> 00:01:13,200 be commander for the first manned 53 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:14,630 be commander for the first manned shuttle mission 54 00:01:14,630 --> 00:01:14,640 shuttle mission 55 00:01:14,640 --> 00:01:16,789 shuttle mission here he practices making landings in a 56 00:01:16,789 --> 00:01:16,799 here he practices making landings in a 57 00:01:16,799 --> 00:01:18,789 here he practices making landings in a space shuttle simulator at the johnson 58 00:01:18,789 --> 00:01:18,799 space shuttle simulator at the johnson 59 00:01:18,799 --> 00:01:21,109 space shuttle simulator at the johnson space center with robert crippen the 40 60 00:01:21,109 --> 00:01:21,119 space center with robert crippen the 40 61 00:01:21,119 --> 00:01:22,789 space center with robert crippen the 40 year old astronaut who will fly with 62 00:01:22,789 --> 00:01:22,799 year old astronaut who will fly with 63 00:01:22,799 --> 00:01:28,550 year old astronaut who will fly with young as pilots 64 00:01:28,550 --> 00:01:28,560 65 00:01:28,560 --> 00:01:30,310 anticipating the space shuttle's flight 66 00:01:30,310 --> 00:01:30,320 anticipating the space shuttle's flight 67 00:01:30,320 --> 00:01:32,230 anticipating the space shuttle's flight schedule in the years ahead nasa 68 00:01:32,230 --> 00:01:32,240 schedule in the years ahead nasa 69 00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:35,109 schedule in the years ahead nasa selected 35 new candidate astronauts in 70 00:01:35,109 --> 00:01:35,119 selected 35 new candidate astronauts in 71 00:01:35,119 --> 00:01:37,749 selected 35 new candidate astronauts in 1978 to begin training as shuttle 72 00:01:37,749 --> 00:01:37,759 1978 to begin training as shuttle 73 00:01:37,759 --> 00:01:43,270 1978 to begin training as shuttle mission specialists and pilots 74 00:01:43,270 --> 00:01:43,280 75 00:01:43,280 --> 00:01:46,149 the 35 including six women were chosen 76 00:01:46,149 --> 00:01:46,159 the 35 including six women were chosen 77 00:01:46,159 --> 00:01:48,469 the 35 including six women were chosen from nearly 8 000 applicants and will be 78 00:01:48,469 --> 00:01:48,479 from nearly 8 000 applicants and will be 79 00:01:48,479 --> 00:02:07,910 from nearly 8 000 applicants and will be training until mid 1980 80 00:02:07,910 --> 00:02:07,920 81 00:02:07,920 --> 00:02:10,229 enterprise was flown in its now familiar 82 00:02:10,229 --> 00:02:10,239 enterprise was flown in its now familiar 83 00:02:10,239 --> 00:02:12,869 enterprise was flown in its now familiar plane on plane berth from california to 84 00:02:12,869 --> 00:02:12,879 plane on plane berth from california to 85 00:02:12,879 --> 00:02:14,790 plane on plane berth from california to nasa's marshall space flight center in 86 00:02:14,790 --> 00:02:14,800 nasa's marshall space flight center in 87 00:02:14,800 --> 00:02:22,470 nasa's marshall space flight center in huntsville alabama 88 00:02:22,470 --> 00:02:22,480 89 00:02:22,480 --> 00:02:24,309 for the first time all the major 90 00:02:24,309 --> 00:02:24,319 for the first time all the major 91 00:02:24,319 --> 00:02:25,750 for the first time all the major components of the space shuttle 92 00:02:25,750 --> 00:02:25,760 components of the space shuttle 93 00:02:25,760 --> 00:02:27,830 components of the space shuttle transportation system came together for 94 00:02:27,830 --> 00:02:27,840 transportation system came together for 95 00:02:27,840 --> 00:02:29,270 transportation system came together for testing 96 00:02:29,270 --> 00:02:29,280 testing 97 00:02:29,280 --> 00:02:31,270 testing when completely assembled the shuttle 98 00:02:31,270 --> 00:02:31,280 when completely assembled the shuttle 99 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:33,910 when completely assembled the shuttle orbiter will sit astride two recoverable 100 00:02:33,910 --> 00:02:33,920 orbiter will sit astride two recoverable 101 00:02:33,920 --> 00:02:35,430 orbiter will sit astride two recoverable solid rockets 102 00:02:35,430 --> 00:02:35,440 solid rockets 103 00:02:35,440 --> 00:02:39,190 solid rockets and atop a giant external fuel tank 104 00:02:39,190 --> 00:02:39,200 and atop a giant external fuel tank 105 00:02:39,200 --> 00:02:41,030 and atop a giant external fuel tank the entire system was subjected to 106 00:02:41,030 --> 00:02:41,040 the entire system was subjected to 107 00:02:41,040 --> 00:02:43,110 the entire system was subjected to vibrations similar to those that will 108 00:02:43,110 --> 00:02:43,120 vibrations similar to those that will 109 00:02:43,120 --> 00:02:48,790 vibrations similar to those that will occur at launch 110 00:02:48,790 --> 00:02:48,800 111 00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:50,790 at the thigh call corporation facility 112 00:02:50,790 --> 00:02:50,800 at the thigh call corporation facility 113 00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:52,869 at the thigh call corporation facility in utah a shuttle booster that will 114 00:02:52,869 --> 00:02:52,879 in utah a shuttle booster that will 115 00:02:52,879 --> 00:02:55,990 in utah a shuttle booster that will produce about 2.65 million pounds of 116 00:02:55,990 --> 00:02:56,000 produce about 2.65 million pounds of 117 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:58,470 produce about 2.65 million pounds of thrust at launch was successfully test 118 00:02:58,470 --> 00:02:58,480 thrust at launch was successfully test 119 00:02:58,480 --> 00:03:01,910 thrust at launch was successfully test fired again 120 00:03:01,910 --> 00:03:01,920 121 00:03:01,920 --> 00:03:03,750 each of the space shuttle's three main 122 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:03,760 each of the space shuttle's three main 123 00:03:03,760 --> 00:03:05,589 each of the space shuttle's three main engines that will provide the orbiter 124 00:03:05,589 --> 00:03:05,599 engines that will provide the orbiter 125 00:03:05,599 --> 00:03:07,910 engines that will provide the orbiter with its primary power from launch pad 126 00:03:07,910 --> 00:03:07,920 with its primary power from launch pad 127 00:03:07,920 --> 00:03:09,750 with its primary power from launch pad almost to earth orbit were also 128 00:03:09,750 --> 00:03:09,760 almost to earth orbit were also 129 00:03:09,760 --> 00:03:12,869 almost to earth orbit were also successfully tested 130 00:03:12,869 --> 00:03:12,879 131 00:03:12,879 --> 00:03:14,949 work is continuing on the second shuttle 132 00:03:14,949 --> 00:03:14,959 work is continuing on the second shuttle 133 00:03:14,959 --> 00:03:16,390 work is continuing on the second shuttle orbiter at the rockwell plant in 134 00:03:16,390 --> 00:03:16,400 orbiter at the rockwell plant in 135 00:03:16,400 --> 00:03:18,710 orbiter at the rockwell plant in california this is the spacecraft that 136 00:03:18,710 --> 00:03:18,720 california this is the spacecraft that 137 00:03:18,720 --> 00:03:20,710 california this is the spacecraft that will actually make the first flight with 138 00:03:20,710 --> 00:03:20,720 will actually make the first flight with 139 00:03:20,720 --> 00:03:22,390 will actually make the first flight with astronauts young and crippen at the 140 00:03:22,390 --> 00:03:22,400 astronauts young and crippen at the 141 00:03:22,400 --> 00:03:25,670 astronauts young and crippen at the controls 142 00:03:25,670 --> 00:03:25,680 143 00:03:25,680 --> 00:03:27,910 looking farther ahead marshall space 144 00:03:27,910 --> 00:03:27,920 looking farther ahead marshall space 145 00:03:27,920 --> 00:03:29,350 looking farther ahead marshall space flight center engineers have been 146 00:03:29,350 --> 00:03:29,360 flight center engineers have been 147 00:03:29,360 --> 00:03:31,430 flight center engineers have been studying problems that astronauts may 148 00:03:31,430 --> 00:03:31,440 studying problems that astronauts may 149 00:03:31,440 --> 00:03:33,830 studying problems that astronauts may face during future shuttle missions and 150 00:03:33,830 --> 00:03:33,840 face during future shuttle missions and 151 00:03:33,840 --> 00:03:36,149 face during future shuttle missions and they are doing it underwater 152 00:03:36,149 --> 00:03:36,159 they are doing it underwater 153 00:03:36,159 --> 00:03:38,070 they are doing it underwater this is one of the few ways that near 154 00:03:38,070 --> 00:03:38,080 this is one of the few ways that near 155 00:03:38,080 --> 00:03:39,910 this is one of the few ways that near weightless maneuvers can be practiced 156 00:03:39,910 --> 00:03:39,920 weightless maneuvers can be practiced 157 00:03:39,920 --> 00:03:43,270 weightless maneuvers can be practiced here on earth 158 00:03:43,270 --> 00:03:43,280 159 00:03:43,280 --> 00:03:46,149 1978 was a very busy year for space 160 00:03:46,149 --> 00:03:46,159 1978 was a very busy year for space 161 00:03:46,159 --> 00:03:47,190 1978 was a very busy year for space science 162 00:03:47,190 --> 00:03:47,200 science 163 00:03:47,200 --> 00:03:48,949 science one of the most ambitious missions 164 00:03:48,949 --> 00:03:48,959 one of the most ambitious missions 165 00:03:48,959 --> 00:03:51,190 one of the most ambitious missions involved two pioneer spacecraft that 166 00:03:51,190 --> 00:03:51,200 involved two pioneer spacecraft that 167 00:03:51,200 --> 00:03:52,789 involved two pioneer spacecraft that were launched toward a rendezvous and 168 00:03:52,789 --> 00:03:52,799 were launched toward a rendezvous and 169 00:03:52,799 --> 00:03:54,710 were launched toward a rendezvous and landing on this planet 170 00:03:54,710 --> 00:03:54,720 landing on this planet 171 00:03:54,720 --> 00:03:56,229 landing on this planet venus 172 00:03:56,229 --> 00:03:56,239 venus 173 00:03:56,239 --> 00:03:58,229 venus scientists believe that by studying the 174 00:03:58,229 --> 00:03:58,239 scientists believe that by studying the 175 00:03:58,239 --> 00:04:00,229 scientists believe that by studying the weather of venus they can learn about 176 00:04:00,229 --> 00:04:00,239 weather of venus they can learn about 177 00:04:00,239 --> 00:04:02,869 weather of venus they can learn about our weather here on earth 178 00:04:02,869 --> 00:04:02,879 our weather here on earth 179 00:04:02,879 --> 00:04:04,949 our weather here on earth the pioneer orbiter spacecraft is 180 00:04:04,949 --> 00:04:04,959 the pioneer orbiter spacecraft is 181 00:04:04,959 --> 00:04:07,429 the pioneer orbiter spacecraft is programmed to circle venus every 24 182 00:04:07,429 --> 00:04:07,439 programmed to circle venus every 24 183 00:04:07,439 --> 00:04:09,830 programmed to circle venus every 24 hours studying the upper fringes of the 184 00:04:09,830 --> 00:04:09,840 hours studying the upper fringes of the 185 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:14,550 hours studying the upper fringes of the venusian atmosphere as it travels along 186 00:04:14,550 --> 00:04:14,560 venusian atmosphere as it travels along 187 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:17,030 venusian atmosphere as it travels along the second spacecraft the multi-probe is 188 00:04:17,030 --> 00:04:17,040 the second spacecraft the multi-probe is 189 00:04:17,040 --> 00:04:19,349 the second spacecraft the multi-probe is made up of a space bus with four 190 00:04:19,349 --> 00:04:19,359 made up of a space bus with four 191 00:04:19,359 --> 00:04:21,749 made up of a space bus with four data-gathering spheres that plunge down 192 00:04:21,749 --> 00:04:21,759 data-gathering spheres that plunge down 193 00:04:21,759 --> 00:04:23,670 data-gathering spheres that plunge down simultaneously to different parts of 194 00:04:23,670 --> 00:04:23,680 simultaneously to different parts of 195 00:04:23,680 --> 00:04:25,990 simultaneously to different parts of venus returning valuable information 196 00:04:25,990 --> 00:04:26,000 venus returning valuable information 197 00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:28,550 venus returning valuable information about its 900 degree surface and carbon 198 00:04:28,550 --> 00:04:28,560 about its 900 degree surface and carbon 199 00:04:28,560 --> 00:04:31,670 about its 900 degree surface and carbon dioxide environment 200 00:04:31,670 --> 00:04:31,680 dioxide environment 201 00:04:31,680 --> 00:04:33,830 dioxide environment this is a computer representation of the 202 00:04:33,830 --> 00:04:33,840 this is a computer representation of the 203 00:04:33,840 --> 00:04:38,790 this is a computer representation of the atmosphere of jupiter 204 00:04:38,790 --> 00:04:38,800 205 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:41,350 two unmanned voyager spacecraft are on 206 00:04:41,350 --> 00:04:41,360 two unmanned voyager spacecraft are on 207 00:04:41,360 --> 00:04:43,110 two unmanned voyager spacecraft are on route to jupiter now 208 00:04:43,110 --> 00:04:43,120 route to jupiter now 209 00:04:43,120 --> 00:04:44,950 route to jupiter now the first voyager will reach the planet 210 00:04:44,950 --> 00:04:44,960 the first voyager will reach the planet 211 00:04:44,960 --> 00:04:47,189 the first voyager will reach the planet in march 1979 212 00:04:47,189 --> 00:04:47,199 in march 1979 213 00:04:47,199 --> 00:04:49,189 in march 1979 followed by the second spacecraft four 214 00:04:49,189 --> 00:04:49,199 followed by the second spacecraft four 215 00:04:49,199 --> 00:04:50,790 followed by the second spacecraft four months later 216 00:04:50,790 --> 00:04:50,800 months later 217 00:04:50,800 --> 00:04:53,110 months later then on to saturn 218 00:04:53,110 --> 00:04:53,120 then on to saturn 219 00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:54,950 then on to saturn at the time of closest encounter on 220 00:04:54,950 --> 00:04:54,960 at the time of closest encounter on 221 00:04:54,960 --> 00:04:58,070 at the time of closest encounter on november 12 1980 voyager 1 will have 222 00:04:58,070 --> 00:04:58,080 november 12 1980 voyager 1 will have 223 00:04:58,080 --> 00:05:02,950 november 12 1980 voyager 1 will have traveled 1.4 billion miles through space 224 00:05:02,950 --> 00:05:02,960 traveled 1.4 billion miles through space 225 00:05:02,960 --> 00:05:04,870 traveled 1.4 billion miles through space the voyager missions make it possible 226 00:05:04,870 --> 00:05:04,880 the voyager missions make it possible 227 00:05:04,880 --> 00:05:07,510 the voyager missions make it possible for scientists to go back in time and 228 00:05:07,510 --> 00:05:07,520 for scientists to go back in time and 229 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:09,590 for scientists to go back in time and sample the conditions from which the sun 230 00:05:09,590 --> 00:05:09,600 sample the conditions from which the sun 231 00:05:09,600 --> 00:05:11,830 sample the conditions from which the sun and planets including the earth are 232 00:05:11,830 --> 00:05:11,840 and planets including the earth are 233 00:05:11,840 --> 00:05:15,950 and planets including the earth are believed to have formed 234 00:05:15,950 --> 00:05:15,960 235 00:05:15,960 --> 00:05:17,830 iue 236 00:05:17,830 --> 00:05:17,840 iue 237 00:05:17,840 --> 00:05:20,950 iue international ultraviolet explorer is a 238 00:05:20,950 --> 00:05:20,960 international ultraviolet explorer is a 239 00:05:20,960 --> 00:05:23,110 international ultraviolet explorer is a telescope in space which is operated 240 00:05:23,110 --> 00:05:23,120 telescope in space which is operated 241 00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:25,909 telescope in space which is operated effectively in real time by astronomers 242 00:05:25,909 --> 00:05:25,919 effectively in real time by astronomers 243 00:05:25,919 --> 00:05:27,830 effectively in real time by astronomers on the ground 244 00:05:27,830 --> 00:05:27,840 on the ground 245 00:05:27,840 --> 00:05:29,510 on the ground visiting astronomers at the goddard 246 00:05:29,510 --> 00:05:29,520 visiting astronomers at the goddard 247 00:05:29,520 --> 00:05:30,870 visiting astronomers at the goddard space flight center can have the 248 00:05:30,870 --> 00:05:30,880 space flight center can have the 249 00:05:30,880 --> 00:05:33,510 space flight center can have the telescope pointed decide what data to 250 00:05:33,510 --> 00:05:33,520 telescope pointed decide what data to 251 00:05:33,520 --> 00:05:36,070 telescope pointed decide what data to take and modify their measurements as 252 00:05:36,070 --> 00:05:36,080 take and modify their measurements as 253 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:37,670 take and modify their measurements as they observe 254 00:05:37,670 --> 00:05:37,680 they observe 255 00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:40,710 they observe with craft like iue scientists can begin 256 00:05:40,710 --> 00:05:40,720 with craft like iue scientists can begin 257 00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:42,550 with craft like iue scientists can begin thinking in terms of observatories in 258 00:05:42,550 --> 00:05:42,560 thinking in terms of observatories in 259 00:05:42,560 --> 00:05:45,670 thinking in terms of observatories in space as facilities 260 00:05:45,670 --> 00:05:45,680 space as facilities 261 00:05:45,680 --> 00:05:48,629 space as facilities also launched in 1978 the second in a 262 00:05:48,629 --> 00:05:48,639 also launched in 1978 the second in a 263 00:05:48,639 --> 00:05:50,830 also launched in 1978 the second in a series of high energy astronomy 264 00:05:50,830 --> 00:05:50,840 series of high energy astronomy 265 00:05:50,840 --> 00:05:53,670 series of high energy astronomy observatories he 02 266 00:05:53,670 --> 00:05:53,680 observatories he 02 267 00:05:53,680 --> 00:05:56,310 observatories he 02 the 7000 pound spacecraft carries a 268 00:05:56,310 --> 00:05:56,320 the 7000 pound spacecraft carries a 269 00:05:56,320 --> 00:05:59,029 the 7000 pound spacecraft carries a large x-ray telescope with four major 270 00:05:59,029 --> 00:05:59,039 large x-ray telescope with four major 271 00:05:59,039 --> 00:06:00,790 large x-ray telescope with four major experiments which can be pointed at 272 00:06:00,790 --> 00:06:00,800 experiments which can be pointed at 273 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:04,309 experiments which can be pointed at specific objects to study them in detail 274 00:06:04,309 --> 00:06:04,319 specific objects to study them in detail 275 00:06:04,319 --> 00:06:06,469 specific objects to study them in detail the high energy explorers are giving 276 00:06:06,469 --> 00:06:06,479 the high energy explorers are giving 277 00:06:06,479 --> 00:06:08,469 the high energy explorers are giving astronomers a different view of our 278 00:06:08,469 --> 00:06:08,479 astronomers a different view of our 279 00:06:08,479 --> 00:06:10,710 astronomers a different view of our universe and helping us to better 280 00:06:10,710 --> 00:06:10,720 universe and helping us to better 281 00:06:10,720 --> 00:06:15,749 universe and helping us to better understand it 282 00:06:15,749 --> 00:06:15,759 283 00:06:15,759 --> 00:06:17,670 the space telescope moved through 284 00:06:17,670 --> 00:06:17,680 the space telescope moved through 285 00:06:17,680 --> 00:06:19,909 the space telescope moved through another manufacturing phase this year at 286 00:06:19,909 --> 00:06:19,919 another manufacturing phase this year at 287 00:06:19,919 --> 00:06:21,909 another manufacturing phase this year at the corning glassworks in upstate new 288 00:06:21,909 --> 00:06:21,919 the corning glassworks in upstate new 289 00:06:21,919 --> 00:06:24,230 the corning glassworks in upstate new york and is scheduled for deployment by 290 00:06:24,230 --> 00:06:24,240 york and is scheduled for deployment by 291 00:06:24,240 --> 00:06:27,510 york and is scheduled for deployment by the shuttle orbiter in 1983. 292 00:06:27,510 --> 00:06:27,520 the shuttle orbiter in 1983. 293 00:06:27,520 --> 00:06:29,590 the shuttle orbiter in 1983. looking from space with instruments in 294 00:06:29,590 --> 00:06:29,600 looking from space with instruments in 295 00:06:29,600 --> 00:06:31,990 looking from space with instruments in space we can see the universe in ways 296 00:06:31,990 --> 00:06:32,000 space we can see the universe in ways 297 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:33,909 space we can see the universe in ways that are impossible from the ground 298 00:06:33,909 --> 00:06:33,919 that are impossible from the ground 299 00:06:33,919 --> 00:06:35,670 that are impossible from the ground bringing us closer to even greater 300 00:06:35,670 --> 00:06:35,680 bringing us closer to even greater 301 00:06:35,680 --> 00:06:41,189 bringing us closer to even greater discoveries in cosmic astronomy 302 00:06:41,189 --> 00:06:41,199 303 00:06:41,199 --> 00:06:42,950 there was continued and increased 304 00:06:42,950 --> 00:06:42,960 there was continued and increased 305 00:06:42,960 --> 00:06:46,950 there was continued and increased emphasis on applications in 1978 306 00:06:46,950 --> 00:06:46,960 emphasis on applications in 1978 307 00:06:46,960 --> 00:06:48,390 emphasis on applications in 1978 landsat 3 308 00:06:48,390 --> 00:06:48,400 landsat 3 309 00:06:48,400 --> 00:06:51,430 landsat 3 a remote sensing spacecraft was orbited 310 00:06:51,430 --> 00:06:51,440 a remote sensing spacecraft was orbited 311 00:06:51,440 --> 00:06:53,430 a remote sensing spacecraft was orbited efforts like these over the next decade 312 00:06:53,430 --> 00:06:53,440 efforts like these over the next decade 313 00:06:53,440 --> 00:06:55,590 efforts like these over the next decade will try to develop a capability to 314 00:06:55,590 --> 00:06:55,600 will try to develop a capability to 315 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:57,749 will try to develop a capability to watch and understand what's happening on 316 00:06:57,749 --> 00:06:57,759 watch and understand what's happening on 317 00:06:57,759 --> 00:07:00,629 watch and understand what's happening on the surface of the earth land and water 318 00:07:00,629 --> 00:07:00,639 the surface of the earth land and water 319 00:07:00,639 --> 00:07:02,390 the surface of the earth land and water and to put all that data together in 320 00:07:02,390 --> 00:07:02,400 and to put all that data together in 321 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:04,070 and to put all that data together in such a way that it can be used as 322 00:07:04,070 --> 00:07:04,080 such a way that it can be used as 323 00:07:04,080 --> 00:07:06,070 such a way that it can be used as management information for the global 324 00:07:06,070 --> 00:07:06,080 management information for the global 325 00:07:06,080 --> 00:07:09,749 management information for the global environment 326 00:07:09,749 --> 00:07:09,759 327 00:07:09,759 --> 00:07:11,990 before it's so far unexplained short 328 00:07:11,990 --> 00:07:12,000 before it's so far unexplained short 329 00:07:12,000 --> 00:07:14,469 before it's so far unexplained short circuit the first csat collected data 330 00:07:14,469 --> 00:07:14,479 circuit the first csat collected data 331 00:07:14,479 --> 00:07:17,029 circuit the first csat collected data for 99 days 332 00:07:17,029 --> 00:07:17,039 for 99 days 333 00:07:17,039 --> 00:07:19,029 for 99 days what it returned during that time were 334 00:07:19,029 --> 00:07:19,039 what it returned during that time were 335 00:07:19,039 --> 00:07:21,749 what it returned during that time were images of sea ice waves coastal 336 00:07:21,749 --> 00:07:21,759 images of sea ice waves coastal 337 00:07:21,759 --> 00:07:24,790 images of sea ice waves coastal conditions and various land forms 338 00:07:24,790 --> 00:07:24,800 conditions and various land forms 339 00:07:24,800 --> 00:07:27,510 conditions and various land forms it also measured sea surface wind speeds 340 00:07:27,510 --> 00:07:27,520 it also measured sea surface wind speeds 341 00:07:27,520 --> 00:07:29,430 it also measured sea surface wind speeds and temperatures 342 00:07:29,430 --> 00:07:29,440 and temperatures 343 00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:31,589 and temperatures project scientists expect it will take 344 00:07:31,589 --> 00:07:31,599 project scientists expect it will take 345 00:07:31,599 --> 00:07:33,749 project scientists expect it will take more than a year and a half to process 346 00:07:33,749 --> 00:07:33,759 more than a year and a half to process 347 00:07:33,759 --> 00:07:39,589 more than a year and a half to process the data collected by csat 348 00:07:39,589 --> 00:07:39,599 349 00:07:39,599 --> 00:07:42,309 this is beth a perfectly healthy child 350 00:07:42,309 --> 00:07:42,319 this is beth a perfectly healthy child 351 00:07:42,319 --> 00:07:44,550 this is beth a perfectly healthy child of a nasa employee at the johnson space 352 00:07:44,550 --> 00:07:44,560 of a nasa employee at the johnson space 353 00:07:44,560 --> 00:07:46,710 of a nasa employee at the johnson space center in houston texas 354 00:07:46,710 --> 00:07:46,720 center in houston texas 355 00:07:46,720 --> 00:07:48,870 center in houston texas she is shown here testing out the fit 356 00:07:48,870 --> 00:07:48,880 she is shown here testing out the fit 357 00:07:48,880 --> 00:07:51,110 she is shown here testing out the fit and mobility of an isolation suit that 358 00:07:51,110 --> 00:07:51,120 and mobility of an isolation suit that 359 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:53,189 and mobility of an isolation suit that can be used by a youngster with a rare 360 00:07:53,189 --> 00:07:53,199 can be used by a youngster with a rare 361 00:07:53,199 --> 00:07:56,950 can be used by a youngster with a rare disorder known as severe combined immune 362 00:07:56,950 --> 00:07:56,960 disorder known as severe combined immune 363 00:07:56,960 --> 00:08:00,150 disorder known as severe combined immune deficiency disease 364 00:08:00,150 --> 00:08:00,160 deficiency disease 365 00:08:00,160 --> 00:08:01,990 deficiency disease because of his inability to fight off 366 00:08:01,990 --> 00:08:02,000 because of his inability to fight off 367 00:08:02,000 --> 00:08:03,670 because of his inability to fight off even the most common germs 368 00:08:03,670 --> 00:08:03,680 even the most common germs 369 00:08:03,680 --> 00:08:05,270 even the most common germs seven-year-old david has had to be 370 00:08:05,270 --> 00:08:05,280 seven-year-old david has had to be 371 00:08:05,280 --> 00:08:07,350 seven-year-old david has had to be confined in sterile isolation since 372 00:08:07,350 --> 00:08:07,360 confined in sterile isolation since 373 00:08:07,360 --> 00:08:09,110 confined in sterile isolation since birth 374 00:08:09,110 --> 00:08:09,120 birth 375 00:08:09,120 --> 00:08:11,350 birth the nasa developed isolation suit now 376 00:08:11,350 --> 00:08:11,360 the nasa developed isolation suit now 377 00:08:11,360 --> 00:08:13,510 the nasa developed isolation suit now allows david to get out and at least do 378 00:08:13,510 --> 00:08:13,520 allows david to get out and at least do 379 00:08:13,520 --> 00:08:18,469 allows david to get out and at least do some of the things normal children enjoy 380 00:08:18,469 --> 00:08:18,479 381 00:08:18,479 --> 00:08:20,790 ben abruzzo and maxie anderson 382 00:08:20,790 --> 00:08:20,800 ben abruzzo and maxie anderson 383 00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:22,469 ben abruzzo and maxie anderson two of the three men that crossed the 384 00:08:22,469 --> 00:08:22,479 two of the three men that crossed the 385 00:08:22,479 --> 00:08:24,950 two of the three men that crossed the atlantic using a helium-filled balloon 386 00:08:24,950 --> 00:08:24,960 atlantic using a helium-filled balloon 387 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:26,790 atlantic using a helium-filled balloon stopped by the goddard space flight 388 00:08:26,790 --> 00:08:26,800 stopped by the goddard space flight 389 00:08:26,800 --> 00:08:28,309 stopped by the goddard space flight center to meet some of the people who 390 00:08:28,309 --> 00:08:28,319 center to meet some of the people who 391 00:08:28,319 --> 00:08:30,230 center to meet some of the people who monitored their flight with the help of 392 00:08:30,230 --> 00:08:30,240 monitored their flight with the help of 393 00:08:30,240 --> 00:08:38,230 monitored their flight with the help of the nimbus-6 satellite 394 00:08:38,230 --> 00:08:38,240 395 00:08:38,240 --> 00:08:40,389 on their first attempt the nimbus-6 396 00:08:40,389 --> 00:08:40,399 on their first attempt the nimbus-6 397 00:08:40,399 --> 00:08:42,630 on their first attempt the nimbus-6 beacon made it possible to alert air sea 398 00:08:42,630 --> 00:08:42,640 beacon made it possible to alert air sea 399 00:08:42,640 --> 00:08:44,630 beacon made it possible to alert air sea rescue when they became lost in a heavy 400 00:08:44,630 --> 00:08:44,640 rescue when they became lost in a heavy 401 00:08:44,640 --> 00:08:45,670 rescue when they became lost in a heavy storm 402 00:08:45,670 --> 00:08:45,680 storm 403 00:08:45,680 --> 00:08:47,910 storm so for the second try ben abruzzo said 404 00:08:47,910 --> 00:08:47,920 so for the second try ben abruzzo said 405 00:08:47,920 --> 00:08:49,829 so for the second try ben abruzzo said they decided to take along an extra 406 00:08:49,829 --> 00:08:49,839 they decided to take along an extra 407 00:08:49,839 --> 00:08:52,150 they decided to take along an extra beacon on the second flight uh because 408 00:08:52,150 --> 00:08:52,160 beacon on the second flight uh because 409 00:08:52,160 --> 00:08:53,670 beacon on the second flight uh because of uh 410 00:08:53,670 --> 00:08:53,680 of uh 411 00:08:53,680 --> 00:08:55,990 of uh the fact that we knew that the only link 412 00:08:55,990 --> 00:08:56,000 the fact that we knew that the only link 413 00:08:56,000 --> 00:08:57,910 the fact that we knew that the only link we had with the world on the first 414 00:08:57,910 --> 00:08:57,920 we had with the world on the first 415 00:08:57,920 --> 00:09:00,310 we had with the world on the first flight was a satellite transmitter we 416 00:09:00,310 --> 00:09:00,320 flight was a satellite transmitter we 417 00:09:00,320 --> 00:09:03,190 flight was a satellite transmitter we had two and again the uh information 418 00:09:03,190 --> 00:09:03,200 had two and again the uh information 419 00:09:03,200 --> 00:09:05,829 had two and again the uh information came to us in flight telling us 420 00:09:05,829 --> 00:09:05,839 came to us in flight telling us 421 00:09:05,839 --> 00:09:09,430 came to us in flight telling us of our course and our uh position 422 00:09:09,430 --> 00:09:09,440 of our course and our uh position 423 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:11,430 of our course and our uh position it confirmed 424 00:09:11,430 --> 00:09:11,440 it confirmed 425 00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:14,150 it confirmed the weather data that 426 00:09:14,150 --> 00:09:14,160 the weather data that 427 00:09:14,160 --> 00:09:15,190 the weather data that our 428 00:09:15,190 --> 00:09:15,200 our 429 00:09:15,200 --> 00:09:16,949 our base station had and allowed us to 430 00:09:16,949 --> 00:09:16,959 base station had and allowed us to 431 00:09:16,959 --> 00:09:18,550 base station had and allowed us to change altitudes 432 00:09:18,550 --> 00:09:18,560 change altitudes 433 00:09:18,560 --> 00:09:20,550 change altitudes properly so that we were able to 434 00:09:20,550 --> 00:09:20,560 properly so that we were able to 435 00:09:20,560 --> 00:09:22,389 properly so that we were able to complete the flight successfully and in 436 00:09:22,389 --> 00:09:22,399 complete the flight successfully and in 437 00:09:22,399 --> 00:09:23,269 complete the flight successfully and in fact 438 00:09:23,269 --> 00:09:23,279 fact 439 00:09:23,279 --> 00:09:25,430 fact on the tail end of it we changed 440 00:09:25,430 --> 00:09:25,440 on the tail end of it we changed 441 00:09:25,440 --> 00:09:28,230 on the tail end of it we changed altitude and vectored ourselves onto a 442 00:09:28,230 --> 00:09:28,240 altitude and vectored ourselves onto a 443 00:09:28,240 --> 00:09:29,990 altitude and vectored ourselves onto a very close 444 00:09:29,990 --> 00:09:30,000 very close 445 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:31,509 very close destination 446 00:09:31,509 --> 00:09:31,519 destination 447 00:09:31,519 --> 00:09:43,190 destination proximity of paris 448 00:09:43,190 --> 00:09:43,200 449 00:09:43,200 --> 00:09:45,990 last january the first large operational 450 00:09:45,990 --> 00:09:46,000 last january the first large operational 451 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:47,990 last january the first large operational wind generator to be used in the united 452 00:09:47,990 --> 00:09:48,000 wind generator to be used in the united 453 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,150 wind generator to be used in the united states in several decades began 454 00:09:50,150 --> 00:09:50,160 states in several decades began 455 00:09:50,160 --> 00:09:51,990 states in several decades began producing electricity 456 00:09:51,990 --> 00:09:52,000 producing electricity 457 00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:55,350 producing electricity the place clayton new mexico population 458 00:09:55,350 --> 00:09:55,360 the place clayton new mexico population 459 00:09:55,360 --> 00:09:57,430 the place clayton new mexico population about 2900 460 00:09:57,430 --> 00:09:57,440 about 2900 461 00:09:57,440 --> 00:09:59,269 about 2900 the project is funded by the department 462 00:09:59,269 --> 00:09:59,279 the project is funded by the department 463 00:09:59,279 --> 00:10:01,670 the project is funded by the department of energy and managed by nasa's lewis 464 00:10:01,670 --> 00:10:01,680 of energy and managed by nasa's lewis 465 00:10:01,680 --> 00:10:04,470 of energy and managed by nasa's lewis research center in cleveland the 100 466 00:10:04,470 --> 00:10:04,480 research center in cleveland the 100 467 00:10:04,480 --> 00:10:06,389 research center in cleveland the 100 foot high wind generator is capable of 468 00:10:06,389 --> 00:10:06,399 foot high wind generator is capable of 469 00:10:06,399 --> 00:10:08,870 foot high wind generator is capable of producing 200 kilowatts that feed 470 00:10:08,870 --> 00:10:08,880 producing 200 kilowatts that feed 471 00:10:08,880 --> 00:10:11,269 producing 200 kilowatts that feed directly into clayton's utility system 472 00:10:11,269 --> 00:10:11,279 directly into clayton's utility system 473 00:10:11,279 --> 00:10:14,230 directly into clayton's utility system about enough to electrify 60 homes 474 00:10:14,230 --> 00:10:14,240 about enough to electrify 60 homes 475 00:10:14,240 --> 00:10:15,910 about enough to electrify 60 homes the research is aimed at improving 476 00:10:15,910 --> 00:10:15,920 the research is aimed at improving 477 00:10:15,920 --> 00:10:17,750 the research is aimed at improving performance and helping determine the 478 00:10:17,750 --> 00:10:17,760 performance and helping determine the 479 00:10:17,760 --> 00:10:20,069 performance and helping determine the future cost of electric power generated 480 00:10:20,069 --> 00:10:20,079 future cost of electric power generated 481 00:10:20,079 --> 00:10:24,310 future cost of electric power generated by wind systems 482 00:10:24,310 --> 00:10:24,320 483 00:10:24,320 --> 00:10:26,630 in aeronautics the emphasis is on basic 484 00:10:26,630 --> 00:10:26,640 in aeronautics the emphasis is on basic 485 00:10:26,640 --> 00:10:29,190 in aeronautics the emphasis is on basic research and basic technology preparing 486 00:10:29,190 --> 00:10:29,200 research and basic technology preparing 487 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:32,230 research and basic technology preparing the way for future advances in aviation 488 00:10:32,230 --> 00:10:32,240 the way for future advances in aviation 489 00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:34,150 the way for future advances in aviation at the same time nasa continues to 490 00:10:34,150 --> 00:10:34,160 at the same time nasa continues to 491 00:10:34,160 --> 00:10:36,069 at the same time nasa continues to develop technologies to the point where 492 00:10:36,069 --> 00:10:36,079 develop technologies to the point where 493 00:10:36,079 --> 00:10:41,990 develop technologies to the point where industry can take them up 494 00:10:41,990 --> 00:10:42,000 495 00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:43,750 one of the major research efforts 496 00:10:43,750 --> 00:10:43,760 one of the major research efforts 497 00:10:43,760 --> 00:10:46,150 one of the major research efforts involves using full-scale wind tunnels 498 00:10:46,150 --> 00:10:46,160 involves using full-scale wind tunnels 499 00:10:46,160 --> 00:10:48,470 involves using full-scale wind tunnels and other facilities to improve crop 500 00:10:48,470 --> 00:10:48,480 and other facilities to improve crop 501 00:10:48,480 --> 00:10:50,230 and other facilities to improve crop dusting aircraft 502 00:10:50,230 --> 00:10:50,240 dusting aircraft 503 00:10:50,240 --> 00:10:52,389 dusting aircraft studies of house spraying is affected in 504 00:10:52,389 --> 00:10:52,399 studies of house spraying is affected in 505 00:10:52,399 --> 00:10:54,790 studies of house spraying is affected in the wake behind the airplane handling 506 00:10:54,790 --> 00:10:54,800 the wake behind the airplane handling 507 00:10:54,800 --> 00:10:57,350 the wake behind the airplane handling qualities fuel efficiency and overall 508 00:10:57,350 --> 00:10:57,360 qualities fuel efficiency and overall 509 00:10:57,360 --> 00:11:03,269 qualities fuel efficiency and overall airplane performance are the goals 510 00:11:03,269 --> 00:11:03,279 511 00:11:03,279 --> 00:11:05,269 see those vertical fins on the wingtips 512 00:11:05,269 --> 00:11:05,279 see those vertical fins on the wingtips 513 00:11:05,279 --> 00:11:07,430 see those vertical fins on the wingtips of this small business jet 514 00:11:07,430 --> 00:11:07,440 of this small business jet 515 00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:09,430 of this small business jet those are called winglets and they were 516 00:11:09,430 --> 00:11:09,440 those are called winglets and they were 517 00:11:09,440 --> 00:11:11,670 those are called winglets and they were invented by dr richard t whitcomb of 518 00:11:11,670 --> 00:11:11,680 invented by dr richard t whitcomb of 519 00:11:11,680 --> 00:11:14,150 invented by dr richard t whitcomb of nasa's langley research center what the 520 00:11:14,150 --> 00:11:14,160 nasa's langley research center what the 521 00:11:14,160 --> 00:11:16,230 nasa's langley research center what the winglets do is reduce the drag on the 522 00:11:16,230 --> 00:11:16,240 winglets do is reduce the drag on the 523 00:11:16,240 --> 00:11:18,310 winglets do is reduce the drag on the plane as it moves through the air saving 524 00:11:18,310 --> 00:11:18,320 plane as it moves through the air saving 525 00:11:18,320 --> 00:11:20,470 plane as it moves through the air saving fuel in the process 526 00:11:20,470 --> 00:11:20,480 fuel in the process 527 00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:22,630 fuel in the process just about any plane can benefit from 528 00:11:22,630 --> 00:11:22,640 just about any plane can benefit from 529 00:11:22,640 --> 00:11:25,110 just about any plane can benefit from the largest jet cargo tankers to small 530 00:11:25,110 --> 00:11:25,120 the largest jet cargo tankers to small 531 00:11:25,120 --> 00:11:27,269 the largest jet cargo tankers to small cross-country planes like this one made 532 00:11:27,269 --> 00:11:27,279 cross-country planes like this one made 533 00:11:27,279 --> 00:11:33,590 cross-country planes like this one made for the home built market 534 00:11:33,590 --> 00:11:33,600 535 00:11:33,600 --> 00:11:35,509 again and again engineering research 536 00:11:35,509 --> 00:11:35,519 again and again engineering research 537 00:11:35,519 --> 00:11:37,509 again and again engineering research pilot jim patton forces his single 538 00:11:37,509 --> 00:11:37,519 pilot jim patton forces his single 539 00:11:37,519 --> 00:11:40,470 pilot jim patton forces his single engine plane into a stall spin 540 00:11:40,470 --> 00:11:40,480 engine plane into a stall spin 541 00:11:40,480 --> 00:11:42,550 engine plane into a stall spin what he and the data gathering engineers 542 00:11:42,550 --> 00:11:42,560 what he and the data gathering engineers 543 00:11:42,560 --> 00:11:44,310 what he and the data gathering engineers on the ground are trying to do is 544 00:11:44,310 --> 00:11:44,320 on the ground are trying to do is 545 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:46,630 on the ground are trying to do is improve the design for wings and tail 546 00:11:46,630 --> 00:11:46,640 improve the design for wings and tail 547 00:11:46,640 --> 00:11:48,790 improve the design for wings and tail sections of airplanes to make them more 548 00:11:48,790 --> 00:11:48,800 sections of airplanes to make them more 549 00:11:48,800 --> 00:11:51,110 sections of airplanes to make them more resistant to stall spins 550 00:11:51,110 --> 00:11:51,120 resistant to stall spins 551 00:11:51,120 --> 00:11:53,110 resistant to stall spins this type problem accounts for about 30 552 00:11:53,110 --> 00:11:53,120 this type problem accounts for about 30 553 00:11:53,120 --> 00:11:55,269 this type problem accounts for about 30 percent of crash fatalities in small 554 00:11:55,269 --> 00:11:55,279 percent of crash fatalities in small 555 00:11:55,279 --> 00:11:58,630 percent of crash fatalities in small private airplanes 556 00:11:58,630 --> 00:11:58,640 557 00:11:58,640 --> 00:12:01,350 combinations of wind tunnels simulators 558 00:12:01,350 --> 00:12:01,360 combinations of wind tunnels simulators 559 00:12:01,360 --> 00:12:03,509 combinations of wind tunnels simulators radio controlled model flights and 560 00:12:03,509 --> 00:12:03,519 radio controlled model flights and 561 00:12:03,519 --> 00:12:05,990 radio controlled model flights and full-scale tests are used to gather the 562 00:12:05,990 --> 00:12:06,000 full-scale tests are used to gather the 563 00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:09,509 full-scale tests are used to gather the needed data 564 00:12:09,509 --> 00:12:09,519 565 00:12:09,519 --> 00:12:12,949 this is an experimental xv15 tilt rotor 566 00:12:12,949 --> 00:12:12,959 this is an experimental xv15 tilt rotor 567 00:12:12,959 --> 00:12:15,269 this is an experimental xv15 tilt rotor aircraft being put through its paces in 568 00:12:15,269 --> 00:12:15,279 aircraft being put through its paces in 569 00:12:15,279 --> 00:12:17,990 aircraft being put through its paces in the 40 by 80 foot wind tunnel at nasa's 570 00:12:17,990 --> 00:12:18,000 the 40 by 80 foot wind tunnel at nasa's 571 00:12:18,000 --> 00:12:19,910 the 40 by 80 foot wind tunnel at nasa's ames research center 572 00:12:19,910 --> 00:12:19,920 ames research center 573 00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:21,829 ames research center the plane's engines are designed to tilt 574 00:12:21,829 --> 00:12:21,839 the plane's engines are designed to tilt 575 00:12:21,839 --> 00:12:23,829 the plane's engines are designed to tilt from vertical to horizontal in mid 576 00:12:23,829 --> 00:12:23,839 from vertical to horizontal in mid 577 00:12:23,839 --> 00:12:26,230 from vertical to horizontal in mid flight making it possible for the craft 578 00:12:26,230 --> 00:12:26,240 flight making it possible for the craft 579 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:28,550 flight making it possible for the craft to take off hover and land like a 580 00:12:28,550 --> 00:12:28,560 to take off hover and land like a 581 00:12:28,560 --> 00:12:30,790 to take off hover and land like a helicopter and it can cruise at the 582 00:12:30,790 --> 00:12:30,800 helicopter and it can cruise at the 583 00:12:30,800 --> 00:12:33,829 helicopter and it can cruise at the speed of a fast subsonic airplane 584 00:12:33,829 --> 00:12:33,839 speed of a fast subsonic airplane 585 00:12:33,839 --> 00:12:35,670 speed of a fast subsonic airplane this research is an attempt to develop 586 00:12:35,670 --> 00:12:35,680 this research is an attempt to develop 587 00:12:35,680 --> 00:12:38,230 this research is an attempt to develop more economical short-haul intercity 588 00:12:38,230 --> 00:12:38,240 more economical short-haul intercity 589 00:12:38,240 --> 00:12:40,870 more economical short-haul intercity transportation 590 00:12:40,870 --> 00:12:40,880 transportation 591 00:12:40,880 --> 00:12:42,790 transportation at ames they are also flying this 592 00:12:42,790 --> 00:12:42,800 at ames they are also flying this 593 00:12:42,800 --> 00:12:46,230 at ames they are also flying this experimental jet called the qsra meaning 594 00:12:46,230 --> 00:12:46,240 experimental jet called the qsra meaning 595 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:48,949 experimental jet called the qsra meaning quiet short-haul research aircraft a 596 00:12:48,949 --> 00:12:48,959 quiet short-haul research aircraft a 597 00:12:48,959 --> 00:12:50,790 quiet short-haul research aircraft a plane that can operate at lower noise 598 00:12:50,790 --> 00:12:50,800 plane that can operate at lower noise 599 00:12:50,800 --> 00:12:52,710 plane that can operate at lower noise levels than most of today's small 600 00:12:52,710 --> 00:12:52,720 levels than most of today's small 601 00:12:52,720 --> 00:12:55,910 levels than most of today's small aircraft carry the same payload as a 727 602 00:12:55,910 --> 00:12:55,920 aircraft carry the same payload as a 727 603 00:12:55,920 --> 00:12:59,110 aircraft carry the same payload as a 727 jet and be able to land on a runway as 604 00:12:59,110 --> 00:12:59,120 jet and be able to land on a runway as 605 00:12:59,120 --> 00:13:02,310 jet and be able to land on a runway as short as 1500 feet 606 00:13:02,310 --> 00:13:02,320 short as 1500 feet 607 00:13:02,320 --> 00:13:04,550 short as 1500 feet at the lewis research center engineers 608 00:13:04,550 --> 00:13:04,560 at the lewis research center engineers 609 00:13:04,560 --> 00:13:06,389 at the lewis research center engineers are working to reduce noise and air 610 00:13:06,389 --> 00:13:06,399 are working to reduce noise and air 611 00:13:06,399 --> 00:13:08,310 are working to reduce noise and air pollution on aircraft engines that will 612 00:13:08,310 --> 00:13:08,320 pollution on aircraft engines that will 613 00:13:08,320 --> 00:13:10,629 pollution on aircraft engines that will one day be used for short-haul commuter 614 00:13:10,629 --> 00:13:10,639 one day be used for short-haul commuter 615 00:13:10,639 --> 00:13:13,829 one day be used for short-haul commuter type planes aircraft in the 300 to 500 616 00:13:13,829 --> 00:13:13,839 type planes aircraft in the 300 to 500 617 00:13:13,839 --> 00:13:15,829 type planes aircraft in the 300 to 500 mile range was customarily land at 618 00:13:15,829 --> 00:13:15,839 mile range was customarily land at 619 00:13:15,839 --> 00:13:19,030 mile range was customarily land at smaller airports 620 00:13:19,030 --> 00:13:19,040 621 00:13:19,040 --> 00:13:20,470 to move ahead in research and 622 00:13:20,470 --> 00:13:20,480 to move ahead in research and 623 00:13:20,480 --> 00:13:23,110 to move ahead in research and development and plan the aircraft of 15 624 00:13:23,110 --> 00:13:23,120 development and plan the aircraft of 15 625 00:13:23,120 --> 00:13:25,829 development and plan the aircraft of 15 to 20 years from now nasa's dryden 626 00:13:25,829 --> 00:13:25,839 to 20 years from now nasa's dryden 627 00:13:25,839 --> 00:13:27,910 to 20 years from now nasa's dryden flight research center in california has 628 00:13:27,910 --> 00:13:27,920 flight research center in california has 629 00:13:27,920 --> 00:13:30,550 flight research center in california has been test flying the yf-12 630 00:13:30,550 --> 00:13:30,560 been test flying the yf-12 631 00:13:30,560 --> 00:13:32,710 been test flying the yf-12 an airplane that cruises at three times 632 00:13:32,710 --> 00:13:32,720 an airplane that cruises at three times 633 00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:35,190 an airplane that cruises at three times the speed of sound being studied are 634 00:13:35,190 --> 00:13:35,200 the speed of sound being studied are 635 00:13:35,200 --> 00:13:38,150 the speed of sound being studied are heating flight stability and control and 636 00:13:38,150 --> 00:13:38,160 heating flight stability and control and 637 00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:40,550 heating flight stability and control and structural dynamics all factors that 638 00:13:40,550 --> 00:13:40,560 structural dynamics all factors that 639 00:13:40,560 --> 00:13:42,230 structural dynamics all factors that have great impact on the design and 640 00:13:42,230 --> 00:13:42,240 have great impact on the design and 641 00:13:42,240 --> 00:13:45,990 have great impact on the design and performance of future aircraft 642 00:13:45,990 --> 00:13:46,000 643 00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:48,710 there were two anniversaries in 1978 644 00:13:48,710 --> 00:13:48,720 there were two anniversaries in 1978 645 00:13:48,720 --> 00:13:50,470 there were two anniversaries in 1978 that need to be noted 646 00:13:50,470 --> 00:13:50,480 that need to be noted 647 00:13:50,480 --> 00:13:53,190 that need to be noted 75 years ago orville and wilbur wright 648 00:13:53,190 --> 00:13:53,200 75 years ago orville and wilbur wright 649 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:55,430 75 years ago orville and wilbur wright made the first successful powered flight 650 00:13:55,430 --> 00:13:55,440 made the first successful powered flight 651 00:13:55,440 --> 00:13:56,870 made the first successful powered flight in an airplane 652 00:13:56,870 --> 00:13:56,880 in an airplane 653 00:13:56,880 --> 00:13:59,269 in an airplane it was also just 20 years ago that the 654 00:13:59,269 --> 00:13:59,279 it was also just 20 years ago that the 655 00:13:59,279 --> 00:14:01,910 it was also just 20 years ago that the space program officially began an 656 00:14:01,910 --> 00:14:01,920 space program officially began an 657 00:14:01,920 --> 00:14:03,750 space program officially began an extension of the basic wright brothers 658 00:14:03,750 --> 00:14:03,760 extension of the basic wright brothers 659 00:14:03,760 --> 00:14:07,389 extension of the basic wright brothers flight 660 00:14:07,389 --> 00:14:07,399 661 00:14:07,399 --> 00:14:10,550 1978 a year of progress in both 662 00:14:10,550 --> 00:14:10,560 1978 a year of progress in both 663 00:14:10,560 --> 00:14:25,990 1978 a year of progress in both aeronautics and space research 664 00:14:25,990 --> 00:14:26,000 665 00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:27,910 this special report brought to you by 666 00:14:27,910 --> 00:14:27,920 this special report brought to you by 667 00:14:27,920 --> 00:14:30,310 this special report brought to you by nasa the national aeronautics and space 668 00:14:30,310 --> 00:14:30,320 nasa the national aeronautics and space 669 00:14:30,320 --> 00:14:33,320 nasa the national aeronautics and space administration